海德格尔“形式指引”概念的起源

The Origin of Heidegger's Formal Indication

在19世纪末20世纪初的西方哲学界的研究趋势中,可以呈现并理解海德格尔"形式指引"概念的起源。在对"形式指引"概念的具体涵义加以描述的基础上,为了充分理解"形式指引"概念的起源,首先考察了这一起源的新康德主义背景。然后又在了解起源背景的基础上,更加具体地考察了对"形式指引"概念的起源起到重要影响作用的四位哲学家以及他们与"形式指引"概念最为渊源相通的思想资源:第一,布伦塔诺及其"真实的分类"思想;第二,胡塞尔及其"意向性"思想;第三,拉斯克及其"投入体验"思想;第四,狄尔泰及其"生命哲学"思想。

The origin of Heidegger’s Formal Indication can be found and understood in the situation of the domain of philosophy in the end of the 19 th century and the beginning of the 20 th century.On the basis of describing the specific meaning of the concept of Formal Indication,in order to fully understand the origin of this concept,this study examines the background of Neo-Kantianism.And then,this study examines the following four aspects which had influences on the origin of Heidegger’s＂Formal Indication＂：1.Brentano’s idea of＂truly classification＂;2.Husserl’s idea of＂intention＂;3.Lasker’s idea of＂immersed experiences＂;4.Dilthey’s idea of＂Philosophy of life＂.