老年骨质疏松性髋部骨折术后患者生活质量现状及其影响因素研究

Study on quality of life and its influencing factors in elderly patients with osteoporotic hip fracture surgery

目的 :调查骨质疏松性髋部骨折术后三个月老年患者的生活质量,分析其影响因素。方法 :采用一般情况问卷、医学应对方式问卷、自我效能感量表、健康状况调查问卷(SF-36)对200例术后患者进行问卷调查。结果 :骨质疏松性髋部骨折术后三个月患者生活质量各维度得分及总分均低于国内常模(P<0.01)。多元回归分析表明,年龄、不良生活方式可负向预测患者在躯体健康方面的生活质量,性别、经济状况、合并症、自我效能感、面对应对可正向预测患者在躯体健康方面的生活质量。年龄、家庭关系、屈服应对、回避应对可负向预测精神健康方面的生活质量,婚姻状况、自我效能感可正向预测患者在精神健康方面的生活质量。结论 :骨质疏松性髋部骨折术后三个月患者生活质量较差。应采取有针对性的护理干预措施,引导患者采用积极的应对方式,增强患者的自我效能感,避免不良的生活方式,同时提供必要的社会支持,进而提高其生活质量。

Objective： To understand the quality of life of elderly patients who are more than three months after the osteoporotic hip fracture surgery and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods： A questionnaire survey was conducted.Medical coping style questionnaire, general self-efficacy scale and health status questionnaire （SF-36） were used to investigate 200 patients. Results： The score for each dimension and the total score on quality of life in patients who were three months after osteoporotic hip fracture surgery were lower than that of the domestic norms （P〈0.01）. Multiple regression analysis have shown that in terms of physical health, age and unhealthy lifestyles negatively predicted patients＇ quality of life while gender, economic status, complications, self-efficacy and facing coping style positively predicted it.In terms of mental health, age, family relationships, yielding coping style and avoiding coping style negatively predicted patients＇ quality of life while marital status and self-efficacy positively predicted it. Conclusion： The quality of life in patients who are three months after the osteoporotic hip fracture surgery was poor. Targeted nursing interventions should be taken to encourage patients to take positive coping style, to enhance patients＇ self-efficacy, to avoid unhealthy lifestyles and to provide necessary social supports, and ultimately to improve their quality of life.