湘西赶尸的宗教与伦理意蕴——兼论原始信仰作为人的存在方式

On the Religious and Ethical Implications of Ganshi in Xiangxi——Concurrently Discuss Primitive Belief as a Way of Human Existence

湘西赶尸的真实性不在于技术上的真实,而在于作为一种民间职业的真实,作为一种巫傩文化的表现形式的真实。阐明湘西赶尸的技术内涵,并不能够从根本上颠覆赶尸的真实性和可信度。赶尸是一个巫傩文化盛行的时代的产物,赶尸对于赶尸匠是一件技术的工作,但对于整个文化和社会则是一项具有宗教慰藉意义的仪式,并且应被视为客死他乡的亡者丧礼中不可缺少的一部分,对个人精神和整个社会的健全具有重要的意义。

The authenticity of Ganshi in Xiangxi is not the reality in technique but the reality as a nongovernmental vocation and the manifestation of witchcraft culture. The authenticity and reliability of Ganshi can not be subverted by the elucidation in technical level. Ganshi is an outcome of the witchcraft culture which is popular with some certain regions,and it’s a skilled work to Ganshi necromancer.To some extent,it is a significant ceremony to the society and culture,and it can be regarded as an indispensable part of funeral,for it has an important significance for the spirit of individuals and the sane society.