卢梭国际政治思想辨正

Rethinking on Rousseau's International Political Thoughts

卢梭关于国际政治的思想比较容易引起误解,一方面,他的论述虽然深刻,却散见于各种著作与残篇;另一方面,其理论立场复杂,既洞察政治现实,又致力于探讨这些现实背后更深层次的人的自然本性及政治权利原理。把卢梭归入现实主义者或理想主义者之列,都是失之简单的做法。对于作为国际政治最大痼疾的战争状态,卢梭没有轻易设想应当如何完全摆脱,但对何为合法战争则尝试加以探讨,这可看作是一种旨在缓解战争紧张状态的理论努力。

It is quite easy to misunderstand Rousseau＇s thoughts on international politics. One reason is that his relevant discourses, though profound, are scattered in his works and fragments. Another reason is that his political philosophy is sophisticated, while presenting the essential aspects of the real politics and seeking for the truth of human nature and political rights behind the reality. To label Rousseau as a realist or an idealist is too rough and specious. For the state of war, the top dilemma in international politics, Rousseau has not devised rashly a solution; however, he has tried to explore the rights of war, which could be justified as an endeavor to mitigate the depressing state of war between states.