广州河涌水体中食蚊鱼肝脏性激素相关基因的表达水平研究

Transcription Levels of Sex Hormone Genes in Liver of Mosquitofish in the Creek of Guangzhou City

应用食蚊鱼细胞色素P450芳香化酶基因(CYP19α)、卵黄蛋白原基因(VTGα)和雌/雄激素受体基因(ERα/ARα)m RNA转录水平为指标,评价广州海珠涌和黄埔涌食蚊鱼受环境激素物质干扰产生雌/雄性化效应的现状。结果显示,海珠涌宝岗大道段(BG)、洪德路段(HD)和黄埔涌赤岗路段(CG)、苗艺路段(MY)采样点雌鱼性腺CYP19αm RNA表达水平显著降低。雌鱼肝脏VTGαm RNA的表达水平在夏冬两季CG点都显著升高,但在BG、HD和MY点的表达水平在冬季则显著下降;夏冬两季雌鱼雄激素受体ARαm RNA表达水平在各点都显著升高。雄鱼性腺CYP19αm RNA表达水平在各点都无明显差异,但CG点在夏季显著升高,而MY点在冬季则显著下降;雄鱼肝脏VTGα和雌激素受体ERαm RNA表达水平分别在各点都显著升高,但夏季MY点和冬季HD、MY各点无明显差异。结果表明,雌性食蚊鱼的VTGα和CYP19α基因受到不同程度的抑制,ERα较对照REF明显升高,表现出雄激素效应;雄性食蚊鱼VTGα和ERα转录水平较对照REF显著升高,CYP19α基因无显著性差异,表现出雌激素效应。生活在广州海珠涌和黄埔涌中的食蚊鱼受雌/雄激素物质干扰明显,表明河涌中环境激素污染严重。

The cytochrome P450 aromatase（ CYP19 α）,vitellogenin（ VTG α） and estrogen / androgen receptor（ ER α /AR α） genes m RNA transcriptional levels in mosquitofish（Gambusia affinis） were detected in order to monitor the pollution status of environmental estrogen / androgen substances in the creek of Haizhu and Huangpu,Guangzhou city. The results showed that,the CYP19 α m RNA transcription levels in gonad of female mosquitofish from sampling sites of Haizhu Baogang Avenue（BG）,Hongde Road（HD） and Huangpu Chigang Road（CG）,Miaoyi Road（MY） significantly decreased（P〈0. 05 or P〈0. 01） when compared with the control point of Huashi（REF）; the VTG α m RNA transcription levels in liver of male mosquitofish from sampling sites of BG,HD and MY significantly decreased（P〈0. 05 or P〈0. 01） except CG when compared with the control point of REF; the AR α mRNA transcription levels in anal fin of female mosquitofish from all sampling sites significantly increased（P〈0. 05 or P〈0. 001） in summer and winter. Except CG in summer and MY in winter the CYP19 α m RNA transcription levels in gonad of male mosquitofish were not significantly different in other sampling sites; the VTG α mRNA and ER α mRNA transcription levels in male mosquitofish from all sampling sites significantly increased（P〈0. 05 or P〈0. 001） except HD and MY when compared with the control point of REF. The results indicated that,VTG αgenes in liver and CYP19 α genes in gonad of female mosquitofish were subject to different degrees of inhibition,and AR α mRNA transcription level was significantly higher than that in the REF,showing the effects of androgens. The VTG α mRNA and ER α mRNA transcription level in male mosquitofish were significantly higher than that in the REF,and CYP19 α gene expression in male mosquitofish was not significantly different,showing the effects of estrogens. Mosquitofish in the creek of Haizhu and Huangpu were significantly influenced by estrogen / androgen material interference,and the environmental hormone pollution in the creek of Guangzhou city was very serious.