中国医院手卫生知识知晓及依从性现状调查

Awareness of hand hygiene knowledge and compliance status in Chinese hospitals

目的了解我国医务人员手卫生知识知晓及依从性现状,为进一步推进手卫生工作提供科学依据。方法采用多中心研究的方式,对全国200所医院2015年手卫生知识知晓率及依从性数据进行回顾性调查。结果医务人员手卫生方法知晓率为86.5%,手卫生指征知晓率为82.5%;保洁员手卫生指征知晓率最低(69.9%),其次是其他实习和进修生(70.2%)、医技人员(79.8%);护理员手卫生方法知晓率最低(76.9%),其次是其他实习和进修生(81.0%)、保洁员(82.4%);二级医院知晓率均低于三级医院,不同级别医院中区县级医院知晓率均最低。手卫生依从率为70.1%,正确率为74.9%;其他实习和进修生的依从率、正确率均处于较低水平(分别为61.4%和60.9%);不同级别医院中地市级医院依从率及正确率均最低,非教学医院依从率及正确率均低于教学医院。结论我国基层医院是手卫生的薄弱环节,实习生、进修生、护理员和保洁员是手卫生的薄弱群体,应加强手卫生管理,进一步提升手卫生知识知晓和依从性水平。

Objective To understand the status of awareness of hand hygiene（HH）knowledge and compliance among health care workers（HCWs）in China,and provide scientific basis for further improvement of HH practice.Methods A multi-centre retrospective survey on awareness of HH knowledge and compliance was conducted in200 nationwide hospitals in2015.Results The awareness rates of HH methods and HH indications among HCWs were86.5% and 82.5% respectively;cleaning staff had the lowest awareness rate of HH indications（69.9%）,followed by the other interns and advanced-study students（70.2%）,as well as medical technicians（79.8%）;attendants had the lowest awareness rate of HH methods（76.9%）,followed by advanced-study students and interns（81.0%）,and cleaning staff（82.4%）;HH knowledge awareness rate among HCWs in secondary hospitals was lower than tertiary hospitals,and the district-level hospitals had the lowest awareness rate of HH.HH compliance rate and correct rate were 70.1%and74.9%respectively;the interns and advanced-study students were at a low level of compliance and correct rates（61.4% and 60.9% respectively）;the municipal hospitals had the lowest compliance and correct rates,non-teaching hospitals were lower than teaching hospitals.Conclusion HH in primary hospitals is weak,HH of interns,advanced-study students,as well as attendants and cleaning staffs are not enough,HH management should be strengthened,awareness and compliance of HH should be improved.