2型糖尿病患者自我效能与负性情绪相关性及护理干预研究

Correlation between self-efficacy and negative emotions in patients with type 2 di- abetes mellitus and nursing intervention

目的探讨糖尿病患者自我效能与负性情绪的关系及系统护理干预对两者的影响。方法对160例2型糖尿病患者采用糖尿病自我效能量表、汉密顿焦虑量表、汉密顿抑郁量表进行测评分析，并按照随机数字表法分为两组，每组80例。两组均接受糖尿病常规治疗，在此基础上研究组采用系统护理干预，对照组采用常规护理干预，观察2周。结果2型糖尿病患者糖尿病自我效能量表总分59分-129分，平均（92．24±15．4）分，各维度评分从高到低依次为遵医服药、病足护理、血糖监测、饮食控制、高低血糖处理、规律锻炼等；糖尿病自我效能量表的饮食控制、规律锻炼、遵医服药、血糖监测、病足护理、高低血糖处理维度分与汉密顿焦虑量表总分呈显著负相关（P〈0．05），遵医服药、血糖监测、病足护理、高低血糖处理维度分与汉密顿抑郁量表总分呈显著负相关（P〈0．05）。干预后研究组糖尿病自我效能量表总分较干预前显著升高（P〈0．01），两组汉密顿焦虑量表、汉密顿抑郁量表总分均较干预前显著降低（P〈0．01），两组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论2型糖尿病患者的自我效能与负性情绪密切相关，系统护理干预明显提高患者的自我效能水平，缓解或消除负性情绪。

Objective To explore the relationship between self-efficacy and negative emotions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） and the influence of systematic nursing intervention on self-efficacy and negative emotions. Methods A total of 160 patients with T2DM were assessed with the Diabetes Mellitus Self-efficacy Scale （DMSES）, Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA） and Hamilton Depression Scale （HAMD） and assigned to two groups of 80 ones each according to random number table. Both groups re- ceived routine treatment for diabetes mellitus, on this basis research group adopted systematic nursing intervention and control group did routine nursing intervention for 2 weeks. Results The total score of the DMSES was 59±129, mean score 92.24±15.4, each dimension score from high to low was in turn com- pliance, foot care, blood sugar monitoring, alimentary control, hyper- and hypo-glycemia treatment, regu- lar exercises and so on; alimentary control, regular exercises, compliance, blood sugar monitoring, foot care and hyper- and hypo-glycemia treatment score were negatively related to the total score of the HAMA （P〈0. 05）, so were the compliance, blood sugar monitoring, foot care and hyper- and hypo-glycemia treatment to the total score of the HAMD （P〈0.05）. After intervention the total score of the DMSES heightened more significantly in research group compared with pre-intervention （P〈 0. 01）, the total scores of the HAMA and HAMD of both groups lowered more significantly （P〈0.01） and had significant group differences （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Self-efficacy of T2DM patient is closely related to negative emotions, systematic nursing intervention could notably improve patients＇ self-efficacy levels, relieve or eliminate negative emotions.