莫泊桑中短篇小说的嵌套结构研究

On frame narrative and embedded narrative in Maupassant's novels

在半数以上的作品中,莫泊桑采用了嵌套结构。虽然很多文评家指出过多的嵌套结构造成了文本结构的僵化,但嵌套结构在很大程度上折射出作家在整体结构和叙事策略方面的技巧,同时它也是读者深入透彻地理解作品的重要手段。莫泊桑作品中的嵌套结构不仅强化了主题,提升了空间层次感,而且实现了叙述层次间的映射,使文本进入环复的封闭状态。此外,框架叙事的类别、框架叙事与嵌套叙事的三种关系以及它们的衔接都构成莫泊桑嵌套结构的新颖之处。

In most of his novels,Maupassant adopts strategies of embedded narrative. Though many critics point out that too many embedded structures will inevitably rigidify the structure of the text,the embedded narrative,to a large extent,reflects the writer's technique in structuring and narrating. It is also an important means to obtain a deep and full understanding of the work. The embedded narrative in Maupassant's works creates a fictional maze in which various levels of space and time echo with different narrative layers. The embedded narrative makes the text enter a closed circle. The types of frame narrative,the relationship between frame narrative and embedded narrative and their connections consist of innovations in Maupassant's embedded narrative.