“工农兵作者”身份的认同与焦虑

The Identification and Anxiety of the Identity of the "Worker-peasant-soldier" Author

"工农兵作者",既指"工农兵"出身的作者,也涵盖书写"工农兵"的作者,它是延安文艺研究中的重要话题之一。《讲话》从创作主体方面规定了文艺工作者的多重创作身份,尤其赋予"工农兵作者"身份的合理性。以延安本土的农民作家及去延安的知识分子为代表,分析他们在认同"工农兵作者"身份的同时,受意识形态及文艺创作规律影响,自身身份的悖谬性。延安作家总是在政治家与艺术家身份、作品的政治性与艺术性中徘徊,他们选择自我"改造"缓解身份焦虑。这一现象不仅是"工农兵作者"独有,也是作家创作时的普遍现象,并直接影响了当代文学的发展。

＂The Worker - peasant - soldier author＂ refers to the author born of workers, peasants or soldiers, and it also includes the author who writes about the workers, peasants and soldiers. It is one of the important topics in the research of art of Yan＇an. ＂The Speech＂ , from the authors＇ the multiple identities of the art workers and outlined the rationality of the writing perspective, has regulated identity of the worker - peasant - soldier author. Taking the native writers of Yan＇an and the representative of the intellectuals who went to Yan＇ an as the example, under the influence of ideology and literary and artistic creation rules and its identity para- dox, the author of this paper analyses the identity of the worker - peasant - soldier authors. The writers in Yan＇an are wondering in the double identities of statesmen and artists and their works also boast both political and artistic characteristics. They choose self- reform to ease their identity anxiety. This is not only unique to the worker - peasant - soldier author, it is also universal in writers＇ creation. It has a direct influence on con- temporary literature.