FDI技术溢出、自主研发与内资企业技术创新——以中国高技术产业为例

FDI Technology Spillover,Independent R&D and Technology Innovation of Domestic Enterprises——A Case Study of High-tech Industry in China

FDI的技术溢出效应对内资企业技术创新有重要推动作用,FDI对内资企业技术研发能力和成果转化能力的溢出效应存在较大区别。采用2005—2013年中国高技术产业16个行业的面板数据,实证分析FDI和自主研发对内资企业技术研发能力和成果转化能力的影响,结果显示:FDI对内资企业的技术研发能力具有显著的溢出效应,但对内资企业的创新成果转化的溢出效应不显著;政府研发支出和企业研发支出对内资企业技术研发能力和成果转化能力的影响都不显著,研发资本支出的利用效率较低。提高内资企业研发资本利用效率和研发人员素质有利于增强FDI技术溢出的吸收能力和创新成果转化能力。

FDI technology spillover effects on domestic enterprises have an important role in promoting technological innovation. The technology R＆D capabilities and achievement transformation ability influenced by the FDI＇s spillover effects present a great difference. We empirically analyze the effects of FDI and independent R ＆ D on technology R ＆ D capability and achievement transformation ability of domestic enterprises using the panel data of 16 industries of China＇s high technology industry from 2005 to 2013.The results show that： FDI has a significant spillover effect on the technology R ＆ D capability of domestic enterprises, but the spillover effect on innovation achievement transformation is not significant; both Government R＆D expenditure and enterprise R ＆D expenditure have no significant impact on the technological R ＆ D capability and achievement transformation ability of domestic enterprises. The utilization efficiency of R ＆ D capital expenditure is low. Improving the efficiency of R＆D capital utilization and the quality of R ＆ D personnel in domestic enterprises is conducive to enhancing the absorptive capacity of FDI technology spillover and the ability of innovation achievement transformation.