乐音音形的感知与谐和性分析

Perception and harmonic analysis of musical auditory-image

针对乐音的谐和性问题,以听觉与视觉之间的通感现象为基础,从听音联想的角度将"音形"定义为听到乐音时主观联想到的图形。在保证乐音信号等声压级的前提下,通过乐音音形的感知实验和谐和性评价实验,类比视觉审美法则,探索感知音形与听觉谐和性之间的关系。实验及分析结果显示,乐音的感知音形呈现一定的规律性,且感知音形与乐音谐和性评价之间相互关联。乐器单音音形多被感知为单一图形,音程的感知音形多由两个图形组成,且这两个图形分别对应于构成音程的两个单音的感知音形。乐器单音及音程的感知音形与听感谐和性之间存在四种关系,分别是一致、比例、对称和对比融合。

Based on the synesthesia between perceptions of auditory and visual, the ＇auditory-image＇ is defined as the perceived figures by people who are hearing the musical tone from the point of association. The auditory pressure level of music signals are set to the same before the subjective experiment. Single tones and intervals played by three kinds of the Chinese instruments are chosen to carry out the perception experiment of auditory-image and the evaluation of harmony. According to visual aesthetic rules, the relationships between acoustic harmony and perception of musical auditory-image are found. The results of experiment and analysis show that the perception of musical auditory-images has regularities. Perceptive auditory-images and evaluation of harmony are related to each other. A single tone is usually perceived as one figure. The auditory-image of interval is the combination of two figures which correspond to two per- ceived tones respectively. There are four relationships between the acoustic harmony and the perception of musical au- ditory-images： uniform, proportion, symmetry and contrast fusion.