论交通肇事罪中的“因而”——基于判决书的实证分析

On "Therefore" of Traffic Accident Crime:Empirical Analysis Based on Written Judgments

交通肇事罪中的"因而",显然旨在强调交通违章行为与重大事故之间必须存在因果关系;交通事故认定书是一种缺乏救济程序的行政确认行为,在交通肇事罪的认定中,只能作为一种勘验证据材料使用;应区分交通行政管理规范与交通运输安全规范,只有触犯后者的交通违章行为才可能是事故发生的原因;即便是无证驾驶、超速、超载、酒驾等典型交通违章行为,也应在个案中具体判断是否事故发生的原因;"逃逸者负全责"的规定与做法,具有合理性,只是应由全国人大常委会通过的《道路交通安全法》直接加以规定,同时将推定负全责的逃逸者的刑事责任限于交通肇事罪的基本犯。

Thereforenof traffic accident crimeobviouslyemphasizes that ther e must existscausationbetween traffic violations and serious accidents;The identification of traffic accidentis a kind of administrative confirmation without remedy procedure and in the determination of traffic accident crime,it can be only used as inquisition evidence material;We should distinguishbetween traffic administrat ive management norm and transportat ion securi ty norm,and only traffic violations which offend the latter could be the cause of the accident;Even driving without license、 overspeeding、overloading、drunk drivingand so on, these typical traffic violations also should be judged specifically whether they are the cause of accidents in individual case;The regulation and practice＂the escapershould take full responsibility＂has its rationality,but i t should be regulated directly in Road Traffic Security Lawpassed by the Standing Committee of the National People＇s Congress.Meanwhile,the criminal responsibil ity of the escaper who is presumed to take full responsibility should be limited tobasic crime of traffic accident crime.