机插水稻缓苗期生长特点及生理机制研究

Study ongrowth characteristics and physiological mechanism of machine-transplanted rice during recovering period

为给机插秧水稻高产栽培提供理论依据,对机插秧、手插秧、手抛秧三种移栽方式水稻返青缓苗期的生长进行研究,于2014年对早季稻和晚季稻进行田间试验。结果表明,机插秧水稻返青和缓苗时间长,返青缓苗期间地上部生长缓慢。其直接原因是,机插秧的秧苗素质较差,秧苗在插秧过程中的机械损伤大、断根率高、秧苗栽插过深;同时,返青缓苗期间,机插秧水稻根的生长受到抑制,其数量和长度显著下降,导致对地上部养分供应能力下降,缓苗期长。

Field experiments were conducted in the early and late seasons in 2014,to compare growth characteristics and physiological mechanism of rice during recovering period among those transplanted by machine,hand and throwing.The results showed that machine-transplanted rice had longer period of seedling establishment and recovering,and indicated slower growth during this period.Poor seedling quality,huge mechanical damage,high rate of broken roots,and transplanted too deep were the immediate causes.At the same time,root growing was hindered during the recovering period,and its quantity and length had decreased significantly,thus resulted in the nutrient absorption decline and longer recovering period.