浙江省麻风治愈者生存现状的调查研究

Survey on quality of life and health of cured patients with leprosy in Zhejiang province

目的了解当前浙江省麻风治愈者生活和健康现状。方法对浙江省登记在册的麻风治愈者进行入户调查,并填写统一的调查问卷。采用SPSS 19.0软件,组间率的比较采用χ2检验,P〈0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果在4 026例麻风治愈者中,男女比例为2.68∶1,平均年龄（69.90±10.65）岁。麻风治愈者以少菌型为主,2 521例（62.62%）;畸残1 944例（48.29%）。生活能自理者3 758例（93.34%）,失去劳动能力者872例（21.66%）,麻风畸残者的生活自理能力和劳动能力低于非麻风畸残者,差异有统计学意义（χ2=91.478、140.741,P=0.0001、0.000）。家庭人均年收入集中在5 000～10 000元,麻风畸残者中高收入者所占比例低于非麻风畸残者,差异有统计学意义（χ2=62.412,P=0.000）。医疗保险以农保为主,慢性病患病率达59.89%。结论浙江省麻风治愈者生存状况堪忧,政府和社会各界应关注此弱势群体,尤其是对于麻风治愈畸残者,应从畸残康复、生活救助、消除歧视等方面入手,提高其生存质量。

Objective To understand the quality of life and health of cured patients with leprosy in Zhejiang.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among cured patients with leprosy.All data were analyzed by descriptive statistics method and Chi-square test. Results A total of 4 026 cured patients were surveyed with the ratio of male to female of 2.68：1,the average age was（69.90±10.65）years.Majority（62.62%）of cured patients were paucibacillary type,almost half（48.29%）were disabled（χ2=91.478,P=0.001）.Only21.66%lost their working ability,While 93.34% were still independent（χ2=140.741,P=0.000）.The average annual family income was between 5000 and 10000yuan,which was much lower among disabled patients（χ2=62.412,P=0.000）.New rural cooperative medical insurance was their major health insurance and the prevalence of chronic disease was as high as 59.89%. Conclusions The overall quality of life and health of cured patients with leprosy in Zhejiang province is still poor.Therefore,government and society should pay close attention to this vulnerable population,especially for those disabled.Their quality of life should be improved by rehabilitation project,life assistance and elimination of discrimination.