芜湖市弋江区学龄前儿童肥胖流行现状调查分析

Investigation on obesity status of 7502 children aged 2～6 years old in Yijiang district of Wuhu city in 2015

目的了解芜湖市弋江区2015年学龄前儿童肥胖流行情况,为开展儿童肥胖预防与干预提供依据。方法采用整群抽样方法,抽取弋江区39所幼儿园,对7 502名在园学龄前儿童开展身高体重测量,计算儿童体块指数,分析学龄前儿童肥胖的年龄和性别分布特征。结果弋江区2-6岁儿童肥胖检出率为6.93%,男童与女童比较,差异有统计学意义（χ2=15.875,P〈0.001）;轻度肥胖检出率为4.30%,中度肥胖检出率在各年龄组差异有统计学意义（χ2趋势=7.021,P〈0.05）;调查的7 502名儿童BMI均值为15.72±2.14 kg/m2,男童BMI均值高于女童,男女童之间BMI值差异有统计学意义（t=7.374,P〈0.001）;除2岁组外,其他各年龄组男女儿童间BMI值差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论芜湖市弋江区学龄前儿童肥胖流行水平不高,鉴于3-6岁期间的脂肪重积聚特点,应建立肥胖早期干预机制,进一步控制儿童青少年期肥胖发生风险。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of obesity among preschool children in Yijiang district of Wuhu city in 2015,to provide evidence for the prevention and intervention of obesity in children. Methods Using cluster sampling method,all 39 kindergartens in Yijiang district were selected. A total of 7502 cases were selected to carry out physical examination. We calculate the BMI and analyze the distribution characteristics of age and gender. Results The detection rate of obesity in preschool children aged 2 - 6 years old in Yijiang district was 6. 93%. The obesity rate of boys was significantly higher than that of girls（ χ2= 15. 875,P 0. 001）. The detection rate of mild obesity was 4. 30%. There was statistically significant difference in moderate obesity among all age groups（ χ2Linear- by- Linear Association= 7. 021,P〈0.05）. The average BMI was 15. 72 ＋ 2. 14 among all of the 7502 children. The average BMI of boys was higher than that of girls,and the difference was significant（ t = 7. 374,P 0. 001）. Except for 2- year- old group,there were significant differences in BMI among other age groups（ P〈0.05）. Conclusion The prevalence rate of obesity among preschool children in Yijiang district of Wuhu was lower. In view of the characteristics of fat accumulation during the period of 3 - 6 years,we should establish the mechanism of obesity early intervention,and further control the risk of obesity in children and adolescents.