秦统一六国中的地理因素再论

On Geographical Factors of Qin's Unifying Six Vassal State

秦国由一个氏族部落发展为诸侯国,并最终完成统一六国的历史任务,其中的地理因素不可忽视。秦国特殊的地理环境和郑国渠的修建,使农业迅速发展,为其对外战争提供了充足的粮草;偏居西陲,社会环境稳定,使其本国国土免受战争摧残,同时也能集中精力迎敌,向东扩展;国内民族成分复杂,与少数民族的长期混居交流,使其人口增加,兵源充足且士兵体格强健;广阔的半湿润半干旱区域,适宜放牧,为培育优良战马提供了条件;秦国与戎狄接触较多,直面农耕与游牧两大民族间的冲突,统治者头脑更加清醒。秦国的独特地理条件为其东进提供经济保障,也为其阻止他国入侵提供天然屏障,加速了秦统一的步伐。

Qin became a vassal state from a tribe and completed the historical mission by unifying the six feudal princedoms, in which the geographical factors cannot be ignored. Qin 's unique geographical environment coupled with the buildup of Zhengguo drainage, making the rapid development of agriculture, provides ample forage for the war; occupies at western, stable social environment,less war make it focus on to meet the enemy eastward expansion; nationalities are complicated, long-term minority mixed exchange to increase in population, abundant manpower and soldiers physically strong; the vast semi-arid sub-humid areas suitable for grazing, for the cultivation of good horses provided the conditions; Rong and Di Qin contact often, face the conflict between farming and nomadic peoples make the rulers more soberly. Qin's unique geographical conditions not only provide economic security for its eastward, but also provide a natural barrier preventing it from being invaded by other countries, which accelerated its unified pace.