先秦至唐五代悼亲诗简论

A Brief Discussion on Relatives Mourning Poetry from Pre-Qin Dynasty to Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties

现存先秦至唐五代悼亲诗共73首,总体数量不多,其中悼宗亲诗较多而悼妻亲、外亲诗较少。悼宗亲诗有悼父母诗、悼祖父母诗、悼子女诗、悼兄弟诗、悼叔诗,大多写得情深意切、哀怨动人,而悼妻亲、外亲诗有悼舅诗、悼表弟诗、悼甥诗、悼姐夫诗,在情感上略逊一筹且略微呈现出应酬的倾向,其根本原因在于中国古代宗法制、父权制社会男尊女卑、注重父系血缘关系使然。悼子女诗在悼宗亲诗中比例最大,其原因在于中国人重视子嗣的传统思想的影响。

Few relatives mourning poems from Pre-Qin Dynasty to Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties preserved now. Clan relatives mourning poems are more, while relatives of the wife and wife＊s or mothor＊s relatives mourning poems are less. Clan relatives mourning poems included parents, grandparents, children, brother and brother uncle of mourning poems. Most of the poems writted eloquently, sad and moving, while the wife and wife＇s or mothor＇s relatives mourning poems included uncle, cousin, brother-in-law and nephew mourning poems. It was slightly inferior in emotion and slightly showed entertainment tendency. The fundamental reason is that people paid attention to the patriarchal, patrilineal relationship in Chinese ancient patriarchal society. Children mourning poems are the most in the relatives mourning poems, which was in the influence of traditional ideas of Chinese paying attention to children.