高校教师流动政策:历史演变与当代转型——基于1978年以来的政策文本分析

The Historical Evolution and Modern Transformation of Faculties Mobility Policy in Colleges and Universities——Based on the Policy Texts Analysis since 1978

中国高校教师流动政策经历了肇始、初步建立以及不断发展3个阶段,不同阶段具有不同的特点。从其政策价值取向的变迁路径来看,呈现出由"国家本位"转向"学术本位"、由"单一性"转向"多样性"、从"计划性"走向"市场化"的基本特征。高校教师流动政策的历史变迁逻辑主要表现为:流动理念从"政府主导"转向"市场引导",流动机制从"计划调配"发展为"双向选择",流动意愿从"被流动"转变为"要流动",总体呈现出从带有强制性的政府主导型高校教师流动政策,逐渐演变为以"政府引导+市场参与"的高校教师流动政策。我国高校教师流动政策创新需要以"学术人"为立足点,以"有序自由流动"为目标选择,遵循人才流动规律以及学术劳动力市场的运行规律。

China faculties ’ mobility policy has experienced three stages of policy development, the beginning stage, the initial establishment and the continuous development, and the different stages have different characteristics. From the perspective of policy value orientation of academic professional mobility, it changes from “in-strumental rationality” to “academic rationality” , from “ unity” to “ diversity” , from “ planned nature” to “market-oriented. And the historical change logic in the academic profession mobility policy mainly shows that, the mobility concept transforms from “government-led” to “market-led”,the mobility mechanism transforms from “plan deployment” to “two-way choice”,and mobility will transforms from “passive flow” to “positive flow”. Therefore, the policy innovations of academic professional mobility should be based on the “ academic people”, to make the “ orderly and free flow” as the target selection, to follow the development path of the academic profession, to respect personal self-respecting academic spirit, and to comply with operating laws of academic labor market.