关于表面张力和表面自由能的讨论

Discussion on the Surface Tension and the Surface Free Energy

简要地回顾了表面物理化学中表面张力和表面吉布斯自由能(以下简称为表面自由能)两个基本概念的发展历史,讨论了表面张力和表面自由能形成的机制,以及键能与表面张力的关系,最后指出了尽管表面相可以在理论上抽象为几何面,但它是真实存在的独立相,而且由于表面自由能的原因它始终处于亚稳定状态。

We reviewed briefly the developing history of two basic concepts, surface tension and surface Gibbs free energy, in physical chemistry of surfaces, and gave a detailed discussion about the formation mechanisms of surface tension and surface free energy and the relationship between the bond energy and the surface tension. Finally, we addressed that while a surface phase could be simplified to a geometric surface, it is an actual phase which is always a metastable state owing to the surface free energy.