近10年中国城市道路塌陷原因及防治对策分析

Analysis of Reasons for Urban Road Collapse and Prevention and Control Countermeasures in Recent Decade of China

城市道路塌陷危害大,影响面广,已引起广泛关注。目前,对于城市道路塌陷案例的分析主要集中在具体的个案,而统计分析的研究较少。为将城市路面塌陷灾害的影响和损失降到最低,统计了近10年中国城市道路塌陷案例,初步分析了其时间分布和原因分布,探讨了其特点、成因及防治对策。研究表明,路面塌陷具有隐蔽性、突发性、群发性、复发性和严重性的特点;路面塌陷形成条件复杂,是多种因素共同作用的结果。总结了城市道路塌陷的成因,分为自然因素和人为因素,其中人为因素是主导;提出了切实可行的以预防为主的治理对策。

Urban road collapse has drawn extensive attention for its great damage and wide influence scope.At present,most researches on urban road collapse focus on an individual case rather than statistics analysis.In order to reduce the loss and influence of urban road collapse to minimum,in this paper road collapse cases are summarized in China in recent ten years,the time distribution and spatial distribution are preliminarily analyzed,and then its characteristics,causes and countermeasures are explored.The research shows that road collapse is of concealment,abruptness,group nature,repetition and severity,and combined action of different factors leads to road subsidence.Factors causing road collapse can be divided into natural factors and artificial factors,among them artificial factors takes a leading position.In the end,feasible measures of putting prevention first are proposed.