环件辗扩成形过程微观组织及性能控制研究进展

Advances in Control of Microstructure and Properties during Rolling Forming of Ring Parts

高性能大型环件精确辗扩控形控性一体化制造是大型运载火箭仓体、风电法兰、核电反应堆及石油化工容器等高端装备向着安全、轻量、高效和长寿命方面发展的迫切需求。综述环件辗扩成形过程微观组织及性能研究现状,分析单、双道次简单热模拟压缩试验和显微组织演变数值模拟技术在环件辗扩过程组织演变研究中的应用,探讨环件组织与性能控制中存在的问题,并指出目前的研究已无法满足上述高性能环件制造要求。提出复杂多道次物理模拟及内变量组织建模用于环件辗扩组织演化分析的必要性,探明环件宏观/微观织构定量表征和晶体塑性有限元法(Crystal plasticity finite element method,CPFEM)揭示组织演变机理的可行性。阐述今后高性能环件辗扩成形组织演变及性能控制的研究方向与重点,未来必须构建辗扩过程环件组织、织构和力学性能之间及其与工艺参数的定量关系。

The integration of forming and modification for manufacturing the large-scale ring parts with high performance in precision ring rolling is the urgently needs of the high-end equipments such as carrier rockets, wind power flanges, nuclear power reactors and petrochemical vessels develop to security, lightweight, high-efficiency and long-life. In this study, the research situation on microstructure and properties during ring rolling is summarized. The application of single- and two- pass hot compression tests and microstructure simulation techniques in microstructural development of ring rolling are analyzed in detail. The existing problems are discussed, and the present study unable to satisfy the manufacturing in high-quality ring is also pointed out. The necessity of complicated multi-pass physical simulation and internal state variable method to microstructural development of ring rolling is presented. The feasibility of the quantitative characterization in macro-texture and micro-texture of rolled ring and crystal plasticity finite element method（CPFEM） revealing its microstructure evolution mechanism is verified. The research prospects and hotspots of microstructure evolution and performance control for high-quality ring parts are also expounded. The quantitative relation among microstructure, texture and mechanical properties and even them with processing parameters should be constructed in the future.