魏晋南北朝民族融合与乐府民歌雅化创作

Ethnic Integration and Elegant Creation of Yuefu Folk Songs in the Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties

相和歌与清商曲是中国汉魏六朝时期通俗乐歌的主要部分。二者在汉代至六朝,从无名氏创作到文人拟作,一直占据乐府诗歌的重要位置。彼时南北方从统治者到文人到百姓,因民族文化的差异加之政权更迭、都城迁移,对待相似的文学作品的吸收和反馈效果却是大不相同。因此,一部分民歌经过传承而得以保留,一部分民歌却从雅化走到僵化,这与文人民族文化影响下的拟作分不开。

Xianghe song and Qingshang music were the major popular musical forms in the period of Han Wei and Six Dynasties in the Chinese history. From the Ha Dynasty to the Six Dynasties, they occupied an important position in Yuefu poetry of anonymous creation and imitation of literati. At that time, the rulers, literati and ordinary people in the South and North were very different in absorption and feedback of the similar literature works due to different ethnic cultures and the changes of the government. Therefore, some folk songs are preserved through inheritance and some become fossilized due to elegant creation, which is closely related with literati＇s imitation under the influence of ethnic culture.