明代嘉靖至万历年间永顺土司寿命短的原因探究——以《历代稽勋录》资料为中心

The Cause of the Short Lifetime of Yongshun Tusi in the Ming Dynasty from Emperor Jiajing' s Reign to Emperor Wanli' s Reign——Based on the Study of Li Dai Ji Xun Lu

新发现的永顺宣慰司《历代稽勋录》中蕴含了较为丰富的永顺土司历史文化信息,该书对每代土司的出生、即任、死亡、享年、葬地等都有较翔实的记载,这为研究土司的年寿状况提供了极为珍贵的第一手资料。钩沉该书中有关彭氏土司年寿史料,结合正史、地方志、民间文献及实地田野调查中获得的资料,对明代嘉靖至万历年间永顺土司的年寿状况及其死亡原因进行探究,进而对明代永顺土司的社会生活进行更为细微的解读,从一个全新的视角开拓一条深入而细致、微观且具体的研究土司社会史的新路径,有助于展拓土司研究的空间。

The newly discovered Li Dai Ji Xun Lu of Yongshun Xuanweisi contains abundant historical and cultural information of Yongshun Tusi. By recording the detailed information of the birth date, taking up official post, death, the life span, and the burial place of each generation of Tusi, it provides precious first- hand materials for the research of the lifetime of Tusi. Based on Li Dai Ji Xun Lu, the official and folk historical materials, chorography, and field investigation materials, the lifetime and the cause of the short lifetime of Yongshun Tusi in the Ming Dynasty from Emperor Jiajingg reign of to Emperor Wanli~ reign have been studied, and a more subtle interpretation of the social life of Yongshun Tusi in the Ming Dynasty has been made in this paper. It is an approach to a thorough, detailed, micro and concrete research of the social history of Tusi from a new angle.