独龙语的兼语句中N_2兼属性质的句法体现

On the Syntactic Embodiment of N_2's Subject and Object Characters of Pivotal Sentences in Drung Language

独龙语具有丰富的形态,其兼语句除了用句法组合体现N_2的句法属性外,还可以直接用N_2的格标记予以体现。具有相同语义的其他句法结构可以间接体现N_2具有主语、宾语或兼属主语与宾语的句法属性,兼语句自身也可以体现N_2的主语、宾语或兼属主语与宾语的句法属性,其中,通过句法组合体现的句法依据较为隐含,通过N_2自身的格标记体现的句法依据较为明确,这类句法依据又包括N_2在主语与宾语形式上的混用、换用、并用和不用等四种方式。这些句法依据在独龙语中有多种形式的使用,给兼语句的认知提供了全新的视角。

There are abundant forms in Drung language, and its pivotal sentences can express the syntactic character of N2 by syntactic combination and the direct use of N2 ＇ s case markers. Other syntactic structures with the same semantic meanings can express indirectly N2 ＇ s subject character, object character or both characters, and pivotal sentences themselves can also bring forth those characters in which the syntactic evidence in virtue of syntactic structure is very implicit, while the syntactic evidence on the basis of N2 ＇ s forms is unambiguous. The latter syntactic evidence includes four types, namely the mixed-substitution, mutual-substitution, simultaneous-use, and disuse of N2 ＇ s subject and object syntactic forms. There are multi - forms of such syntactic evidences in Drung language which provides a new perspective for the understanding of pivotal sentences.