罗河铁矿井下爆破振动对地表环境影响的监测与预测

Monitoring and Prediction of Underground Blasting Vibration on Group Environment in Luohe Iron Mine

为了研究罗河铁矿井下爆破振动对地表建筑物的影响,根据该矿的地表环境、爆破参数和爆破振动安全允许标准,采用NUBOX-6016振动监测仪,TP3V-4.5三维速度传感器和BM View软件对地表振动速度和频率进行两次监测。第一次3个点布置在地表离爆点为600 m、650 m、700 m的地方;第二次2个点布置在地表措施井和村庄附近。通过径、切、垂向的监测数据计算出最大合速度为0.757 cm/s,振动频率在30 Hz左右,远小于爆破安全规程所允许范围,得出该矿的爆破振动对地表的建筑物没有破坏作用。根据萨道夫斯基经验公式,用一元回归分析计算出三维方向相应K、α值,得出了三个方向的爆破振动速度预测公式,利用该公式可对今后地表建筑物的安全性进行预测,且为条件类似矿山爆破安全生产提供指导。

In order to study the effect of underground blasting vibration on buildings near the Luohe iron mine, the instruments were used to monitor and analyze the vibration velocity and frequency of ground surface, including vibration monitors NUBOX-6016,three-dimensional velocity sensors TP3V-4.5 and the specific analysis software BM View. Meanwhile, the mine surface environmental conditions, blasting parameters and the blasting vibration safety standards were taken into consideration. Three monitoring points were located at the surface with distance 600 hi, 650 m,700 m to blasting source respectively for the first time,and two monitoring points at the surface near of stepping shaft and village for the second time. Based on the monitored data, the analyzed results show that the maximum resultant velocity was 0. 757 cm/s, and frequency was around 30 Hz. It was far less than the security allowed range of blasting safety rules. Therefore, the blasting vibration of underground mining made little influence on the surface buildings safety. According to the Sadaovsky empirical formula and regression analysis,the corresponding parameters of K and a, and three vibration vclocity prediction formulas of different direction were obtained, which can be used to predict the vibration velocities well in this strata.