国际核安全法律规制问题现状、问题与改革

Issues and Future Trends of the International Legal Regulation on Nuclear Safety

回顾自上世纪50年代以来国际核法律发展历史,国际上对核安全的关注大致经历了一个从核保障——核安全——核安保的发展过程。针对这三个问题国际社会已经形成了一系列的立法和运行机制,但同时也存在不足。核保障问题的解决依赖于主权国家对武力依赖的弱化,加强标准化和核透明是促进核安全的有效途径,建立核燃料银行以加强核安保的设想是个几乎不可能实现的任务,但仍不失为今后国际社会努力的一个方向。

From the review of the development of the international nuclear law since 1950s, we can see it had experienced a development of process from nuclear safeguards, nuclear safety and nuclear security. The international community has formed a series of legislation and operation mechanism on these issues, but there are also shortcomings. The solution of nuclear safeguard dependents on weakening national sovereignty of the force dependent,strengthening standardization and transparency is the effective way to promote the nuclear safety and the establishment of nuclear fuel bank to strengthen nuclear security is a nearly impossible task, but still can be regarded as a choice for the international community in the future.