晚清广州邮政电报肇兴刍论

On the Rise of Post and Telecommunications in Guangzhou in Late Qing Dynasty

晚清广州邮政三足鼎立,传统民信局、各国开设的"客邮"和大清邮政并存,但邮政管理统一是发展的必然趋势。肇兴于中外交涉频繁、战火连绵的晚清广州电报业,极大地提高了通信效率,得到了迅速发展。近代邮政在广州商民生活中得到了较为广泛的使用,伴随电报的开设而兴办的电报学堂是广州早期现代化成果的重要组成部分。梳理广州近代邮政电报的开设情况及其特点,有利于较为全面地了解近代邮政电报的兴办对晚清广州的政治、经济、文化、军事国防以及社会生活的影响。

In modern times,post and telecommunications in Guangzhou developed relatively earlier,which is the epitome of the early modernization of communicative industry in Modern China. In late Qing,postal service in Guangzhou took on a situation of tripartite confrontation,where the local postal office,guest post from abroad and postal service of Qing dynasty coexisted. However,unification of managing postal service became an inevitable trend. Rising from late Qing when war-torn China negotiated with Powers frequently,postal service in Guangzhou improved communication efficiency.Therefore,modern telecommunications developed rapidly in Guangzhou. Modern telecommunications were widely used among merchants in Guangzhou. Telegraph colleges,which came out with the development of telecommunications,enriched Guangzhou＇s modern education. Initiation of modern post and telecommunications was one of the important components of early modernization in Guangzhou,which profoundly influenced the early modernization of society of Guangzhou. Investigating the establishment and characteristics of modern post and telecommunication in Guangzhou facilitate a complete understanding of how modern post and telecommunication affected politics,economy,culture,military and national defense as well as social life of Guangzhou in late Qing.