2013年黑龙江大洪水初步分析

Preliminary Analysis of Heilongjiang River Major Flood in 2013

2013年汛期受连续、大范围降雨影响,黑龙江流域发生了1984年以来最大的流域性洪水,黑龙江干流及主要支流额尔古纳河、结雅河、布列亚河、松花江同时发生洪水。黑龙江干流同江~抚远江段发生了1897年以来第1位特大洪水,重现期超100 a一遇。洪水发生范围之广、量级之高、持续时间之长,为历史所罕见。文章从形成降雨的气候及天气背景、汛期降雨情况、洪水过程、洪水组成和洪水传播时间等方面,对2013年黑龙江暴雨洪水进行分析,在此基础上全面总结了黑龙江大洪水的特点。

Affected by continuous and large scale rainfall during the flood period in 2013 ,the maximum basin flood since 1984 happened in the Heilongjiang River basin, flooding continuously on the main Heilongjiang River and the major branches of the Eerguna river, Jiya river, Buliya river and Songhua river. Top one of the extraordinary flood since 1897 happed on the main Heilongjiang River from the river section of Tongyuan to Fuyuan and the return period was over once in 100 years. Flood occurrence was wide in the scope, high in flood quantities and long in lasting time, rare in the history. Based on the climate and weather background of forming rainfall, rainfall in the flood period, flood duration, flood composition and flood propagation time, stormy flood in the Heilongjiang River in 2013 is analyzed and the characteristics of major flood in Heilongjiang River are summarized in this paper.