早发型重度子痫前期期待治疗的疗效分析

Expectant treatment for early onset severe preeclampsia

目的探讨期待治疗对早发型重度子痫前期患者的临床疗效，寻求最佳治疗时机与方式。方法收集本院2012年1月至2015年12月入院的162例早发型重度子痫患者按发病孕龄分为A（〈28周）、B（28～31周）与C（32～34周）三组，所有患者均给予期待治疗，比较三组患者相关临床指标与母婴结局。结果三组患者发病孕龄、治疗时间、妊娠终止孕龄、剖宫产率、宫内胎儿死亡与新生儿死亡率比较差异具有显著统计学意义（P〈0．01）；胎儿窘迫率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论早发型重度子痫前期存在一定的不良母婴结局，应及时以剖宫产终止妊娠，尤其对于〈28周与28～31周患者，应积极给予期待治疗，延长孕周。

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of expectant treatment for early onset severe preeclampsia and to find the best treatment timing and method. Methods 162 patients with early-onset severe preeclampsia admitted into our hospital from January, 2012 to December, 2015 were collected and divided into group A （gestational age 〈28 weeks）, group B （gestational age 28 - 31 weeks）, and group C （gestational age 32 - 34 weeks） according to gestational age. All the patients got expectant treatment. The related clinical indicators and maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared between these three groups. Results There were statistical differences in onset gestational age, treatment time, the gestational age of pregnancy termination, cesarean section rate, fetal death, and neonatal mortality （P〈0.01） and in the incidence of distress （P〈0.05） between these three groups. Conclusions The presence of early onset severe preeclampsia has some adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes; cesarean section should be timely taken to terminate pregnancy, especially for patients with gestational age 〈28 weeks or 28 to 31 weeks; expectant treatment should be actively given to extend gestational age.