再论陶渊明《赠长沙公》诗

Reconsidering TAO Yuanming's Poem Zeng Chang Sha Gong

陶渊明《赠长沙公》诗是陶集中非常难解的作品之一。由于此诗是了解陶渊明世系的重要作品,历代研究者无不殚精竭力,欲破解长沙公究竟是谁,以及陶渊明与长沙公的关系。然而因此诗的诗序有异文及断句不同,遂造成种种解读,犹如谜团,始终不得确解,至今仍未达成共识。通过梳理诗序的异文及断句,认为长沙公是陶延寿。陶渊明非长沙公的"族祖",亦非"族孙",而是陶延寿的诸父辈。陶侃是陶渊明的曾祖父,乃是确切无疑的。

TAO Yuanming＇s poem Zeng Chang Sha Gong is one of the works which are extremely difficult to understand in TAO Yuanming＇s anthology. Because this poem is the important work to comprehend TAO Yuanming＇s lineage,all researchers of successive dynasties have done their utmost to clarify who is ＂Chang Sha Gong＂,and the relationship between TAO Yuanming and Chang Sha Gong. However,there are different poetic prefaces and punctuated texts of the poem,resulting in various interpretations. These mysterious interpretations remain unsolved and no consensus are reached.This paper combs the different poetic prefaces and punctuated texts of the poem and belives that Chang Sha Gong is TAO Yanshou. And TAO Yuanming is neither ＂the grandfather＂of Chang Sha Gong nor his ＂grandson＂. TAO Yuanming is the elder generation of TAO Yanshou. It is beyond all doubts that TAO Kan is TAO Yuanming＇s great- grandfather.