水生态监测技术研究进展及其在长江流域的应用

Progress of water ecological monitoring technology and its application in Yangtze River Basin

随着科学技术的发展,新的技术不断应用到水生态监测中来,推动了传统水生态监测技术的革新。在回顾水生态监测技术发展历程的基础上,对新技术,如光谱技术、图形识别技术、流式细胞计数技术、鱼探仪技术、生物综合毒性监测技术以及物联网技术在水生态监测中的应用状况、存在的问题及发展趋势进行了总结和分析。根据分析结果,经过综合考虑,有针对性地提出了应对措施及合理化的建议,即在长江流域首先应加大新技术的推广及应用,提高监测效率;其次,应制定相关的水生态监测技术标准,以推动监测方法及监测结果评价的标准化;再者,应建立水生态监测站网,以加大对水资源管理的支撑力度。最后,对长江流域水生态监测前景进行了展望。

With the development of science and technology,new technologies are successively applied in water ecological monitoring,which has promoted the revolution of traditional water ecological monitoring technology. We reviewed the development history of water ecological monitoring technology,summarized the application condition,existing problems and development tendency of spectral technology,image recognition technique,flow cell counting technique,fish probe technique,synthetic monitoring technique of biological toxicity,internet of things technique. We put forward some suggestions,such as increasing the popularization and application of new techniques to improve monitoring efficiency,drafting related technique standard on water ecological monitoring to promote the standardization of monitoring methods and result evaluation,setting up water ecological monitoring network to strengthen the support to water resources management.