女性医务工作者避孕方式的选择及对口服避孕药的认知

Contraception selection and awareness of on combination oral contraceptive in among Chinese female medical staff

摘要目的：了解中国女性医务工作者自身避孕方式的选择及对口服避孕药（COC）的认知和使用状态。方法：选取2012年10月～2013年4月参加健康讲座的女医务人员共3500位，以问卷的形式调查其一般情况、COC非避孕作用的益处及风险、非意愿妊娠流产的情况、自身避孕方式的选择。结果：①本次回收有效问卷3216份，年龄35．3±9．4岁。调查对象妇产科医护人员占27．5％，其他临床科室医护人员占40．4％，医疗辅助科室人员占23．6％，行政管理人员占8．5％。②关于COC避孕以外益处的认知，治疗痛经和经前期紧张综合征42．6％，治疗痤疮、改善皮脂分泌33．4％；③关于COC使用的误区，认为现代低剂量COC，需停药3～6个月后再妊娠占43．5％，长期服用COC对身体有害、应间断服用占30．8％；④在有性生活的3136名人员中，已完成生育的比率为59．6％，有35．3％的医护人员因意外妊娠做过人工流产术，其主要原因为未采取任何可靠避孕措施（49．4％）；⑤已生育医护人员中避孕方式选择的比例为IUD34．7％、曼月乐（LNG—IUS）4．8％、避孕套19．9％，未完成生育的女性选择COC2．2％。结论：女性医务人员选择COC避孕的比率很低，对COC认知错误率较高，需要加强相关知识的学习。

Objective： To know Chinese women doctors, nurses and other female medical staffs selection contraception, and to understand the awareness of female medical staffs on combination oral contraceptive （COC） and their using COC situation. Method： From October, 2012 to April, 2013, 3500 female medical staffs who took part in health promotion seminars were selected and were asked to complete questionnaires voluntarily. Questions in questionnaires included per- sonal general situation, the benefits of COC excepted to contraceptive effect, risks of COC, situation about unwanted pregnancy, awareness of choiced contraception for themselves. Result ： （1） 3216 eligible questionnaires were collected. The average age was（35.26±9.4）years old and 27.5% of them came from gynecologic and obstetric departments, 40.4% from other clinical departments, 23.6% from paramedical units and 8.5% from supported departments. （2） When asked about benefits of COC excepted to contraceptive effect,42.6 ~/0 of them knew COC had used to treat dys- menorrhea and premenstrual tension syndrome. 33.4% of them knew COC had used to treat acne and improve sebum secretion. As for misunderstanding of COC, 43.5% of thenl believed a woman would be pregnancy until stopping COC for 3 to 6 months. 30.8% of them thought that took COC for a long time was harm for a woman, so they suggested COC could be taken intermittently. （4） In 3136 female medical staffs had sexual life history, 59.6% had given birth. 35.3 % reported to abortion due to unintended pregnancies and 49.4 % of abortion due to unreliable contraceptives. （5） As for the choice of contraceptives in parous female medical staffs, 34.73% of them had inserted intrauterine devices, 4. 750//00 of them had inserted Levonorgestrel releasing intrauterine system, 19.91% of them had used condom, 23.7% of them had used condom plus rhythm method, 5.2% of them had used condom plus external contraceptives, 2.9M of them had taken COC. For nulliparous female medical staffs, 2.15% of them had taken COC. Conclusion.. The rate of choosing COC in female medical staffs is very low, the rate of misunderstand of COC is high, so female staffs should strengthen to learn knowledge of contraception.