高比转速混流式水轮机水力优化设计方法

The Hydraulic Design and Optimization Method of a High-Specific-Speed Francis Hydro Turbine

本文主要介绍了有实际运用价值的低水头、大流量的高比转速混流式水轮机的水力开发方法。概述了该类混流式水轮机的基本特性、设计理念,以及综合运用现代CFD流体解析方法和模型试验进行水力模型开发的流程。东芝水电设备(杭州)有限公司(以下简称东芝水电),结合日本(株式会社)东芝公司(以下简称东芝)在水力研究方面拥有多年系统开发经验,运用经大量试验数据验证的CFD流体解析方法进行性能预测,以及在日本工业领域普遍采用的实用优化方法,保证了开发过程的快速、可靠和有效。通过与模型试验的密切配合,无论新制机组方案还是老机组的改造方案都能够提供有力的支持,为客户创造更大的价值。

The present paper discusses the basic developing methods of the hydraulic design of high-specific-speed Francis turbines with a relatively low water head and large discharge. The design points and concepts of such type of turbine are summarized, with emphasis on use of computational fluid dynamics （CFD） as a tool to help guide model tests and gain insight into the complex flowing phenomena inside the turbine. The Toshiba Hydro Power （Hangzhou） Co., Ltd. （THPC） takes full advantage of TOSHIBA Corporation＇s strong expertise in hydraulic designing and model developing, using a method to integrate high-accuracy CFD techniques validated by experimental results and optimization solutions that are widely used in industrial applications in Japan. These efforts prove to be reliable and effective, which can be a powerful tool to help the design engineer better understand the brand-new designs or technical renovations. The paper finally gives an example on the detailed discussion of the design and optimization of a typical high-specific-speed Francis turbine, which highlights the state-of-art methods in our hydraulic laboratory.