由《全三国文》中《诗经》征引看诗经学的文学转向

The Literary Turn of The Book of Songs from Quotation in the Whole Articles of Three Kingdoms

通过考察《全三国文》中各类文章征引《诗经》的情况,指出诗经学文学转向的四方面表现:一,较之汉代诗经学注重教化大义的解释,三国文章中的《诗经》征引成为增强文章感染力的文学手法与技巧;二,《诗经》中被称颂的历史人物在三国文中成为审美符号,部分被寄托大义的词语成为充满感情色彩的成语、惯用语;三,三国文作者引用经学家的解释时融入了个人的情感和体悟;四,三国文作者摆脱以《诗经》为"经"的传统,将自己对诗的理解运用到文章中,并将部分诗句作为典故来使用。由此可见三国诗经学出现了文学转向的新趋势,融入了魏晋文学自觉的潮流。

By studying all kinds of quotations of The Book of Songs in various articles that come from the Whole Articles of Three Kingdoms, this paper puts forward that there are mainly four aspects which show the literary turn of The Book of Songs.First,being different from the study on The Book of Songs aiming at political admonition in Han Dynasty,the quotation of The Book of Songs in articles of Three Kingdoms became a kind of literary technique that can strengthen the expressive force of works.Second,some historical figures that were admired in The Book of Songs became aesthetic sym- bols.Some words which were rested on deep meanings became idioms which were full of emotional col- or.Third,the authors of articles of Three Kingdoms integrated personal emotion and experiences into the Classicists＇ interpretations on The Book of Songs. Fourth, the authors of articles of Three Kingdoms got rid of the tradition which was regarded The Book of Songs as Confucian Classic, and applied their own interpretations on The Book of Songs to their articles, and used some poems as literary allu- sions.From these facts, we can conclude that the literary turn occurred on the study of The Book of Songs in the Three Kingdoms,which blended into the trend of the literary self-consciousness in Wei Dynasty.