云南大理白族自治州生态系统服务功能变化特征

Changes of Ecosystem Service Functions of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province

利用遥感数据和GIS技术，对1990-2015年大理白族自治州整体及各县域的生态系统服务功能时空变化特征进行了研究。结果表明：25年间，大理州仅植被生产力呈增加趋势，其增加的区域占大理州面积的29．58％（8713．29km2），主要分布南涧彝族自治县、鹤庆县和弥渡县，而其他各项生态系统服务功能和综合生态系统服务功能均呈下降趋势。从县域水平看，大理州中西部的县域生态系统服务功能下降趋势明显，其中云龙县的植被生产力和碳汇功能下降的区域分别占全县总面积的43．98％和39．80％；大理州东部生态系统服务功能较为稳定，南部的弥渡县和南涧彝族自治县生态系统服务功能呈增加趋势。建议大理州应强化生态保护与恢复、合理控制旅游规模，促进森林、草地的恢复和裸地荒化治理，使得生态系统服务功能得到有效改善。

In this study, the changes of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture and different counties were assessed from 1990 to 2015 based on remote sensing and GIS techniques. In the past 25 years, vegetation of Dali showed an increased trend, with 29.58% （8713.29 km2） of the total prefecture increase, mainly located in Nanjian, Heqing and Midu, while the other functions and the integrated ecosystem function decrease. The counties in the middle and west regions of Dali showed clearly decreasing trend. Among them, Yunlong had the most decreased areas of the vegetation productivity and carbon storage with 43.98% and 39.80%, respectively. The eastern counties of Dali prefecture kept steady, meanwhile Nanjian Midu and showed an increasing trend. To improve ecosystem service functions, the protection and recovery of ecosystem should be strengthened, and the size of tourism should be reasonable controlled.