我国野生果树种类的地理分布态势

Geographical Distribution Pattern of Wild Fruit Tree Species in China

野生果树是重要的生物资源,具有广泛的用途。我国的野生果树资源种类十分丰富,拥有巨大的开发利用潜力。为了解我国野生果树资源种类的地理分布态势,更好地研究、保护和开发利用野生果树资源,通过对《中国植物志》和各省地方植物志的植物资源数据库进行系统查询,对我国1 127种野生果树的省域、地区分布状况进行系统的归纳总结。结果表明:在28个省区中,云南和四川的野生果树种类数最多,分别达595种和448种,最少的是青海和宁夏,分别为59种和28种;物种密度最大的省份和地区是海南和华南,每1万km2分别达38种和11.4种;大部分野生果树分布范围狭窄,仅分布于1个省的就有270种,占全部种类的24.0%。总体上看,我国的野生果树种类以西南地区最为丰富,由南向北递减。

Wild fruit trees are important biological resources,and have a wide range of uses.Wild fruit tree resources are very rich in China,and have great potential for exploitation and utilization.In order to figure out the geographical distribution patterns of wild fruit tree resources in China,and to protect,research and exploit the wild fruit tree resources more efficiently,the geographical distribution of 1127 kind wild fruit trees in China were investigated and analyzed systematically based on the database of plant resources recorded by Chinese Flora and some provincial flora.Result：Among the 28 provinces and autonomous regions,the number of wild fruit tree species distributing in Yunnan and Sichuan were 595 and 448,larger than all other provinces,which in Qinghai and Ningxia were only 59 and 28,lower than all other provinces.The highest species abundance of the region and province are Hainan and Southern China,which reached 38 and 11.4per 10 000 square kilometers respectively.Most of the wild fruit trees are growing in a narrow range,for example,there are 270 species just could be found in the one province,which accounted for 24.0% of all species.In general,the southern west region has the richest wild fruit tree species,and shows a decreasing trend from south to north.