利益相关、反腐效果与腐败容忍度:基于问卷调查的分析

Stakeholder,Anti-Corruption Effect and Zero Tolerance of Corruption:Based on A Questionnaire Survey

腐败零容忍的社会环境是实现风清气正政治生态的基础。十八大以来,中央采取了一系列的反腐败措施,但反腐败效果是否会降低公众的腐败容忍度则有待经验研究验证。通过问卷调查分析发现,受访者对腐败的容忍度,尤其是黑色腐败的容忍度普遍较低;利益相关度和黑色、灰色和白色三种腐败现象的容忍度之间有显著的正相关关系。反腐效果显著影响公职人员对黑色腐败的容忍度,但对非公职人员不显著;反腐非预期后果显著正向影响黑色和灰色腐败容忍度,对非公职人员的影响更显著。另外,地方经济发展和个人经济状况与灰色腐败容忍度负相关,但与白色和黑色腐败容忍度关系不显著。这些发现表明,社会的腐败容忍度普遍偏低,但短期内反腐效果越好,公职人员腐败容忍度反而会更高。只有持之以恒的严厉反腐才能缓慢改变腐败风气,形成零容忍的政治生态。发展经济和打击影响公众利益的腐败,在反腐败的同时改善政府回应性和治理为官不为现象,也能有效降低社会的腐败容忍度。

A The paper found that respondents are generally less tolerance for corruption, especially for the black corruption;there is a significant positive correlation between the degree of interest and the tolerance for black, gray and white corruption.The anti-corruption effect influence public officials tolerance for black corruption,but no significant influence the non-officials;the negative effect of anti-corruption has a significant positive effect on the black and gray corruption tolerance, which is more significant for non-public officials.In addition,the local economic development and personal economic status is negatively related to the corruption of gray,but the other two kinds of corruption are not significant. These findings confirm the existence of low tolerance for corruption,but the better effect of anti-corruption,public officials will be more high degree tolerance of corruption,in a short time.Only combating corruption persistently and severely,can change the perception of corruption slowly and form a zero tolerance of political ecology. Besides,developing the economy,combating corruption in the public-interest,improving the response of the government,and governing the phenomenon that officials are neglectful of their duties,can also reduce the social corruption tolerance.