从“县政改革”到“县域治理”:县域政治研究述评

From the Reform of “County Administration” to “County Governance”:the County Political Research Review

近15年来,关于县域政治的讨论主要有三大研究视角:一是从政治能动者的视角沿着整体主义、个体主义、战略性群体视角三条研究进路讨论县域地方官员与制度的互动关系;二是从结构的视角出发,讨论当前县政改革的价值取向、县级政权的结构性困境以及改革的具体方案;三是从过程的视角出发,一是沿着现代国家构建的进路,以小见大,把县作为国家的微型版,进而揭示中国现代国家构建的内在逻辑,二是沿着县域治理过程的进路讨论县级政府与市场、社会互动的统合治理模式。建构具有中国特色的县域治理理论是中国国家治理理论体系的一个最具原创性的理论生发点,为此要规范术语表达,重视基础性理论研究;加强田野调查,立足中国经验;最后推动县域政治在全球、全国范围的比较性研究。

In the last fifteen years, there are three main perspectives of county politics in China: the first is the active path which including individual, strategic groups and holistic way. The second is political reform path to study the structural dilemma of county and solving ways. The last is nation-society theory. In order to build a scientific governance theory with Chinese feature, we need to emphasize the fundamental theory research and use terminology exactly; we also must focus on fieldwork based on different counties in China; last but not the least, we should promote the comparative research of county in global and national level.