从分类控制到嵌入式治理:项目制运作背后的社会组织治理转型

From the Classified Control to the Embedded Governance:the Transformation of Social Organizations' Governance behind the Operation of Project Scheme Management

自上世纪90年代中期开始,社会服务项目制不仅成为国家向社会提供公共服务的重要途径,亦成为连结政府与社会组织的有效机制。随着公共服务项目制的大范围推广,政府在管理实践中逐渐形成了一套迥异于分类控制体系的社会组织治理模式——"嵌入式治理"。文章试图通过对公共服务项目运作过程的分析,探究政府如何通过对公共服务项目打包、发包、执行、监管的全程式主导和控制,将自身的价值目标和管控意志渗入社会组织的日常运作中,实现对社会组织政治嵌入、功能嵌入和结构嵌入,并通过与分类控制体系的比较,指出"嵌入式治理"内在治理逻辑及其对当下中国政府与社会组织关系诠释的适用性。

The government has purchased the service of social organizations explored since 1990 s, and the project scheme management of social service has not only become the important approach of the public service from nation to society, but also become the efficient mechanism that links up government and social organizations. With the deepening of the project scheme management of public service, the study suggests that the embedded governance has replaced the logic of original classified control which gradually lacked explanatory power in the field of social services.The government achieved the reconstruction of social organizations' governance by packaging, contraction, implementation and evaluation of public service scheme.At present, the effect and influence of the embedded governance that depends on the operation of project scheme management is yet to be discussed.