基于COI和EF-1α基因的绢粉蝶属和妹粉蝶属系统发育关系分析

Phylogenetic relationship of the genera Aporia and Mesapia(Lepidoptera: Pieridae) based on COI and EF-1α gene sequences

【目的】由于绢粉蝶属Aporia和妹粉蝶属Mesapia的分类地位尚存在争议,本研究基于COI和EF-1α基因探讨它们的系统发育关系。【方法】对采自中国的19个种(含绢粉蝶属13个种,妹粉蝶属1种以及用作外群的另外3个属的5个种)的COI和EF-1α基因部分序列进行了测定和分析;依据这2个基因的联合序列采用最大似然法(maximum likelihood,ML)和贝叶斯法(Bayesian inference,BI)构建了这些种的系统发育树。【结果】序列分析结果显示,测得的COI序列长度为657 bp,EF-1α序列长度为642 bp,联合后获得的序列总长为1 299 bp,其中变异位点439个,简约信息位点249个;序列A+T的含量明显高于C+G的含量。系统发生分析结果显示,除外群外,其余种类形成单系群(BV=100,PP=1.00),且分成两大支,一支为(奥倍绢粉蝶A.oberthuri+锯纹绢粉A.goutellei)+(丫纹绢粉蝶A.delavayi+(完善绢粉蝶A.agathon+(马丁绢粉蝶A.martineti+(大翅绢粉蝶A.largeteaui+巨翅绢粉蝶A.gigantea)))),另一支为普通绢粉蝶A.genestieri+(中亚绢粉蝶A.leucodice+((绢粉蝶A.crataegi+灰翅绢粉蝶A.potanini)+(妹粉蝶M.peloria+(暗色绢粉蝶A.bieti+小檗绢粉蝶A.hippia))))。【结论】本研究结果支持妹粉蝶属应为绢粉蝶属的异名,且绢粉蝶属内不再划分亚属和种组。

【Aim】At present,the taxonomic status of Aporia and Mesapia is still uncertain. This study aims to explore the phylogenetic relationship between Aporia and Mesapia. 【Methods】Partial sequences of the COI and EF-1α genes of 19 species（ including 13 species of Aporia,one species of Mesapia,and five species of other three genera used as the outgroups） collected from China were sequenced and analyzed. Based on the combined sequence of the two genes,the phylogenetic relationships of these species were reconstructed and analyzed with the maximum likelihood（ ML） and Bayesian inference（ BI） methods. 【Results】The sequence analysis showed that the COI sequence is 657 bp and the EF-1αsequence is 642 bp in length. There are 439 variable sites and 249 parsimony-informative sites in the1 299 bp nucleotides of the combined sequence of the two genes,and the percentage of A ＋ T is significantly higher than that of C ＋ G for the whole sequence. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the14 species except the outgroups included in this study were recovered as monophyletic by strong BV（ 100） and PP（ 1. 00）. In the phylogenetic tree,one branch is（ A. oberthuri ＋ A. goutellei） ＋（ A.delavayi ＋（ A. agathon ＋（ A. martineti ＋（ A. largeteaui ＋ A. gigantea））））,another is A. genestieri ＋（ A. leucodice ＋（（ A. crataegi ＋ A. potanini） ＋（ M. peloria ＋（ A. bieti ＋ A. hippia））））. 【Conclusion】Our results support that the genus Mesapia should be synonymized under Aporia. Moreover,our data do not support any subdivisions of Aporia into subgenera or species groups.