“场域—惯习—资本”理论视角下博士研究生入学考试浅析

An Analysis of the PHD Entrance Examination from the Perspective of“Field,Habitus and Capital”Theory

攻读博士学位是个体基于收益评估和现实情况的理性选择,这一抉择过程中,多种因素相互交织、共同作用,既包含求学者个人的学术理想,也暗藏其功利化目标。而场域中关键主体的位置,不同行动者的惯习及考生所占有的资本都会对考试的结果产生不同程度的影响。应以"法"为规约,以学术为志业,淡化"经济资本"和社会资本的作用,构建基于"法与义"的考试场域内的良好秩序。

Choosing to work for a PHD degree is a rational choice based on individual assessment of benefits and reality. Intertwined and interacted in the decision process are a variety of factors including individual academic ideals and utilitarian goals. The position of the key subject, the habitus of different actors and the candidates＇ capital have different degrees of impact on the result of the exam. The paper proposes constructing a favourable order based on law and justice and making＂rules＂ as statute, academic learning as occupation to decrease the influence of economic capital and social capital.