餐厨垃圾乳酸菌发酵生产生物饲料的研究

Biological Feed Fermented from Kitchen Garbage with Lactobacillus

为了实现餐厨垃圾的资源化高效利用,以餐厨垃圾为原料,采用乳酸菌进行固态发酵,结合正交试验、单因素试验优化了餐厨垃圾乳酸菌发酵生产生物饲料的工艺条件。结果表明：最佳发酵工艺为餐厨垃圾添加10%麦麸和4%豆粕搅拌均匀,加入125%的水,121℃灭菌20 min,冷却后,接种2.0%乳酸菌,32℃厌氧培养48 h。在此发酵条件下发酵产物中粗蛋白含量比原料提高了5.36%,粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗灰分均有下降,并且乳酸菌含量达到了24.8×10^8CFU/g;卫生指标均符合国家饲料卫生标准（GB13078—2001）。

In order to achieve resource utilization of kitchen garbage, kitchen garbage was taken as rawmaterial for solid state fermentation using Lactobacillus. Single factor experiment and orthogonal experimentwere conducted to optimize the fermentation process of biological feed. Results showed that the optimumfermentation process was mixing kitchen garbage with 10% wheat bran, 4% soybean meal and 125% water,sterilizing for 20 minutes at 121℃, then inoculating 2.0% Lactobacillus, and anaerobic fermenting for 48 hoursat 32℃. Under the above condition, crude protein content of the fermented product increased by 5.36%compared with that of raw material, contents of crude fat, fiber and ash decreased, content of Lactobacillus increased to 24.8×10^8CFU/g, and the hygienic indexes met the National Feed Hygiene Standards（GB13078—2001）.