铁棍山药茎尖组培及茎段侧芽成苗研究

Study on Tissue Culture from Shoot Tip and Stem Segment of Dioscorea opposita Thunb.cv.Tiegun

山药富含淀粉、多糖、黏液蛋白、矿物质及其它营养物质,但营养繁殖导致山药病害积累、产量下降、品质退化,通过组织培养获得脱毒种药是解决这一问题的有效途径。以铁棍山药为材料,研究山药的茎尖脱毒及茎段侧芽成苗。结果表明:最适宜的茎尖诱导成苗培养基为MS+0.5mg·L^(-1) 6-BA+0.5mg·L^(-1) NAA,成苗茎尖率达到77.8%;茎段侧芽成苗培养基以MS+0.5mg·L^(-1) 6-BA+0.1mg·L^(-1) NAA为最好,成苗时间短;1/2 MS+0.05mg·L^(-1) NAA为最适宜的生根培养基,这对无毒种苗的繁殖及防治山药品种退化、提高品种质量具有重要的指导意义。

Dioscorea op posita is rich in starch ,polysaccharide ,mucus protein ,minerals and other nutrients ,but the vegetative propagation caused the accumulation of diseases ,the decline of yield and degradation of quality .It is an effective way to solve this problem by means of tissue culture .Using the Dioscorea opposita Thunb .cv . Tiegun as materials ,the detoxication by shoot tips and stem segment lateral bud inducting was examined .The results showed that MS＋0 .5 mg·L‐1 6‐BA＋0 .5 mg·L‐1 NAA was the ideal medium for shoot tip differentia‐tion ,and the induction rate reached 77 .8% .MS＋0 .5 mg·L‐1 6‐BA＋0 .1 mg·L‐1 NAA was the best medium for lateral bud inducting of Dioscoreaopposita and the time taken was shorter .The most suitable rooting medi‐um was 1/2 MS＋0 .05 mg·L‐1 NAA .These results has important guiding significance to the propagation of vi‐rus‐free seedling ,the prevention of yam varieties degradation and the improvement of variety quality .