由受力平衡推导麦克斯韦速率分布

Deduction of Maxwell′s speed distribution law based on the balance of forces

麦克斯韦速率分布是从速率分布角度研究分子热力学统计规律的重要规律.目前多数教材并未给出该分布规律的推导,有些文献、教材虽有推导,但要么过于复杂,难于理解;要么基于非基本规律出发进行推导,使得从一开始就难于让人理解.从最基本的物体受力平衡条件出发,在热平衡状态下,对麦克斯韦速率分布进行了简洁而严密的推导.

Maxwell＇s speed distribution law is an important statistical law. The most of textbook either didn＇t give the deduction of the law, or deduce it based on non-fundamental law whose process is a little more complicated. It make a concise and rigorous deduction that based on the balance of forces.