摘要
干细胞移植为心肌梗死后受损心肌的修复带来曙光，然而移植的干细胞群在缺血缺氧环境中的存活率、有效性及相关作用机制仍备受争议。近年来，干细胞旁分泌效应对心肌细胞的保护作用逐渐受到重视。外泌体作为干细胞旁分泌效应的典型代表，是在不同应激反应中所产生的直径介于30—100nm的膜状小体，富含大量与其母体干细胞相关的miRNA，mRNA及蛋白质，作为一种新型替代疗法在治疗心血管疾病中具备巨大潜力。不同干细胞来源的外泌体可通过促进受体细胞存活、增殖及血管生成等多种方式改善心梗后心脏功能。文中主要针对不同干细胞来源的外泌体在心肌梗死后通过促进心肌细胞存活、增殖及新生血管形成；抑制炎症反应及心脏纤维化等方式修复受损心肌的潜在机制进行综述。
Stem cell therapy provides immense hope for restoring the impaired cardiomyocytes. However, it has been debated on the effectiveness, mechanisms, and survival of the donated cell population in the ischemic myocardial milieu. Protective paracrine effect of stem cells on cardiomyocytes gradually arose great attentions. Exosomes, as typical representative of paracrine effect of stem cells, are 30 - 100 nm in size and tiny microvesicles released by cells in response to different physiological states, and enriched in pro- teins, messenger RNAs, and miRs characteristic of parental stem cells, represent great potential for treating cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies show that exosomes from different kinds of stem cells can effectively promote cardiac function by means of promoting the donated cell survival, proliferation and angiogenesis in the ischemia heart. The aim of this review is to summarize current research efforts on exosomes from different kinds of stem ceils, including their potential mechanism to develop a potentially viable therapy for the treatment of impaired cardiomyocytes via promoting cardiomyocytes survival, proliferation and angiogenesis; inhibiting inflammatory response and cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction.
出处
《医学研究生学报》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第9期987-992,共6页
Journal of Medical Postgraduates
基金
国家自然科学基金(81560041)
