石河子地区2012～2014年梅毒感染情况的分析

Analysis on the detection of syphilis infection in Shihezi,2012-2014

目的调查分析石河子大学医学院第一附属医院近3年（2012~2014年）住院及门诊患者梅毒检出率、年龄、性别及所在科室分布情况,了解该地区梅毒流行趋势,为梅毒预防诊疗提供科学依据。方法采用3种方法对2012~2014年门诊及住院患者进行梅毒血清学检测,收集梅毒阳性患者资料进行回顾性分析。结果 3年共检测患者74 798例,检出梅毒阳性感染者1 281例,3年阳性检出率依次为1.35%、1.83%、2.01%,总检出率1.71%,差异有统计学意义（χ2=39.877,P〈0.05）。所有检测结果阳性患者中,男性688例,女性588例,阳性检出率在性别上差异无统计学意义（χ2=1.670,P=0.434〉0.05）。不同民族检测情况为汉族581例,占45.36%;维吾尔族43例,占3.36%;哈萨克族23例,占1.80%。1 281例梅毒阳性感染者快速血浆反应素环状试验阴性353例（占感染者27.56%）,且阴性者逐年增多。结论石河子地区梅毒感染率2012年后呈小幅度上升趋势,2013与2014年检出率间无明显差异。20岁~育龄期妇女是重点人群,政府相关部门应结合本地区的流行情况,采取相对应的措施,加大宣传力度,进一步做好梅毒防控工作。住院患者有必要进行梅毒筛查,有效预防梅毒的医院感染。

Objective To learn the epidemiological characteristics of syphilis in Shihezi in recent three years and to provide bases for prevention.Epidemiological analysis with syphilis was conducted in our hospital from 2012 to 2014,which is about the detection rate,age,gender,and the distribution in the department.Methods Serum were deteceted by using three methods and the data were analyzed.Results 1 281 syphilis cases in 74 798 patients were detected in our hospital during this period.The total positve rate of three years was 1.71%.The positve rate was 1.35%,1.83% and 2.01% respectively.The results of three years was significant differences（χ2=39.877,P〈0.05）.The rate in gender was not significantly higher or lower（χ2=1.670,P=0.4340.05）.The cases were mainly distributed in Han（581,45.36%）,Uygur（43,3.36%）,Kazak（23,1.80%）.353 cases were negative by RPR among1 281 patients with syphilis（27.56%）,and the negative rises year by year.Conclusion The incidence of syphilis increased slightly in Shihezi since 2012.Though the detection rate between 2013 and 2014was no significant difference.The focus was on 20- year′s old women of childbearing age.It is necessary to take strict measures to control the spread of syphilis and to do syphilis examination for all inpatients in order to prevent the infection of syphilis.