运动疗法对心血管疾病患者的影响和作用机理研究进展

Effect and Mechanism of Exercise for Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases(review)

运动疗法是心脏康复中的重要手段之一。运动疗法可以通过减少炎症反应,改善血管内皮功能,改善线粒体功能来增加心肌细胞活性。对于心血管危险因素来说,运动训练促进脂蛋白活性,提高高密度脂蛋白含量,改善胰岛素受体功能,降低胰岛素抵抗,减少血小板聚集和改善内皮功能来降低血压。对于呼吸系统,有氧运动可改善呼吸肌功能状态,从而减轻呼吸困难。运动训练可促进免疫因子活化并增加新陈代谢,从而增加免疫功能,延缓衰老。抗阻运动训练可改善线粒体功能及促进纤维类型转换,从而改善骨骼肌系统功能。

Exercise is one of the important techniques of cardiovascular rehabilitation. Exercise can reduce inflammatory response to improve endothelial function, and improve mitochondrial function to increase myocardial cell activity. For cardiovascular risk factors, exer-cise can promote the activity of lipoprotein, increase the level of high-density lipoprotein;improve the function of insulin receptor to reduce insulin resistance, reduce platelet aggregation and improve endothelial function to reduce blood pressure. For the respiratory system, aerobic exercise can improve the function of respiratory muscle, thus relieve the dyspnea. Exercise can promote the activation of immune factor and increase metabolism, to increase immune function and anti-aging. Resistance exercise can improve mitochondrial function and promote fi-ber type conversion, to improve the function of skeletal muscle system.