物质构成:心理因果性理论研究的新范畴——基于金在权的“因果排除论证”的再思考

Material Constitution: New Category of Research on Mental Causation——Rethinking of Jaegwon Kim's Causal Exclusion Problem

金在权的"因果排除论证"意欲表明,在行为的客观的生理原因和主观的心理原因之间的关系上,非还原的物理主义的逻辑归宿要么是同一论,要么是副现象论。形而上学中的物质构成范畴是一种介于同一与二元不同之间的"非同一的统一"关系,具有重要的心灵哲学意蕴。将物质构成范畴引入心灵哲学中,能在坚持强非还原的物理主义的前提下,以反对心身随附性原则为核心,为独特的心理属性具有独特的因果效力辩护,从而推动心灵哲学向构成物理主义形态发展。

Jaegwon Kim＇ s causal exclusion problem is to show that on the relationship between the subjective men- tal and objective physical causes of the same behavior, the logical end-resuh of nonreductive materialism is either i- dentity theory or epiphenomenalism. Material constitution in metaphysics is a relation of nonidentity between identi- ty and dualism. Because material constitution is of important implication to philosophy of mind, we can introduce it into the latter in order to dissolve the causal exclusion problem. In this case, we can defend characteristic causal efficacy of distinct mental property by denying the principle of mind-body supervenicence on the premise of holding robust nonreductive materialism. So the philosophy of mind can develop towards constitutional physicalism.