“象”的两层意涵与“言象意”关系——从《易传》到王弼

The Two Layers of Connotations of “Images” and the Relationship between “Language,Images,and Idea”:From the Yi zhuanto Wang Bi

《易传》中的"象"字具有两层意涵:一指内在于《周易》古经文本的卦爻之象,二指外在于古经文本的自然、人事之象。在《易传》论"象"诸语中,此二义参差并见。相较于涉乎古经之外的后者而言,前者直观地纯然存于古经之内,更加反映了古经文本的本质特点。因此,较之杂用"象"之二义以至于招致混乱的王弼"言象意"之说而言,《易传》"言象意"之说专门论述卦爻象与"言""意"间的关系,是一种更贴合古经本质特点的学说。

＂Images＂ in the Yi zhuan （Commentaries on the Changes, i.e., the Ten Wings） have two layers of connotations： one refers to the images of the hexagrams and lines of the ancient text of the Zhou yi, and the other refers to images associ- ated with the natural world and human affairs beyond the ancient text. In the discourses on the images in the Yi zhuan, both layers were available. However, in comparison to the latter, the former purely existed within the ancient text and could more effectively reflect intrinsic features of the ancient text. Therefore, in contrast to Wang Bi＇s argument about the relationship between ＂language （i.e., hexagram and line statement）, images, and idea＂ where the two layers of connotations were mixed and gave rise to confusion, the discourses of the relationship between ＂language, images, and idea＂ in the Yi zhuan were more pertinent to the intrinsic nature of the ancient text.