洛谢夫与巴赫金:两种语言哲学的对话

Losev and Bakhtin:A Dialogue Between Two Schools of Thought in Philosophy of Language

洛谢夫和巴赫金的主要思想都大致形成于20世纪20年代末期。对他们思想的探索贯穿整个苏联时期,涉及哲学、美学及语言哲学领域,但二者的理论体系貌似截然不同,却在许多方面存在对话关系。两位思想家的哲学探索都涉及语言现象和对语言本质的思考。从哲学方法和思维传统来看,辩证法是洛谢夫整个思想体系的出发点和依托,而巴赫金则立足于对话思想,并对辩证法具有独特的看法;同时,二者的语言哲学理论都受到胡塞尔现象学的影响,但是在理论建构时却走向不同的路径。

Basically,the main ideas of Losev and Bakhtin were formed in the late 1920 s.As important thinkers in Philosophy,Aesthetics and Philosophy of Language,the study of their thoughts penetrated the entire period of the Soviet Union.It seems that their theoretical systems are very different,however,there are dialogic relation in many ways in fact.From the perspective of philosophy and traditional thinking,dialectics was existing throughout Losev＇s thinking while Bakhtin had commented it based on the point of dialogism view;both of their thoughts were influenced by phenomenology of Husserl,but took different ways when they constructed their own theories.